Search results for "glutamate excitotoxicity"

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Neurochemical correlates of brain atrophy in fibromyalgia syndrome: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy and cortical thickness study

2020

(1) Background: Recently, a series of clinical neuroimaging studies on fibromyalgia (FM) have shown a reduction in cortical volume and abnormally high glutamate (Glu) and glutamate + glutamine (Glx) levels in regions associated with pain modulation. However, it remains unclear whether the volumetric decreases and increased Glu levels in FM are related each other. We hypothesized that higher Glu levels are related to decreases in cortical thickness (CT) and volume in FM patients. (2) Methods: Twelve females with FM and 12 matched healthy controls participated in a session of combined 3.0 Tesla structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and single-voxel MR spectroscopy focused on the thalami…

In vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopymedicine.medical_specialtybrain MRIArticlelcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineNeurochemicalAtrophyNeuroimagingGyrusFibromyalgiaInternal medicinemedicinecortical thicknelcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry030304 developmental biology0303 health sciencesbusiness.industryGeneral NeuroscienceMR spectroscopyGlutamate receptorSettore MED/37 - Neuroradiologiacortical thicknessmedicine.diseaseSubcortical gray matterEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structurefibromyalgia; glutamate excitotoxicity; cortical thickness; brain MRI; chronic pain; MR spectroscopyMR spectroscopy; brain MRI; chronic pain; cortical thickness; fibromyalgia; glutamate excitotoxicity.fibromyalgiaSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E Radioterapiabusinesschronic pain030217 neurology & neurosurgeryglutamate excitotoxicity
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A new vicious cycle involving glutamate excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics

2011

Glutamate excitotoxicity leads to fragmented mitochondria in neurodegenerative diseases, mediated by nitric oxide and S-nitrosylation of dynamin-related protein 1, a mitochondrial outer membrane fission protein. Optic atrophy gene 1 (OPA1) is an inner membrane protein important for mitochondrial fusion. Autosomal dominant optic atrophy (ADOA), caused by mutations in OPA1, is a neurodegenerative disease affecting mainly retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Here, we showed that OPA1 deficiency in an ADOA model influences N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor expression, which is involved in glutamate excitotoxicity and oxidative stress. Opa1enu/+mice show a slow progressive loss of RGCs, activation …

Retinal Ganglion CellsCancer ResearchReceptor expressionExcitotoxicityApoptosisNeurodegenerativeMitochondrionEyemedicine.disease_causeGTP PhosphohydrolasesMice0302 clinical medicineReceptorsoxidative stressPhosphorylationbcl-2-Associated X Protein0303 health sciencesbiologyGlutamate receptorMitochondriaUp-RegulationCell biologymitochondrial fusionAutosomal DominantOriginal Articlebcl-Associated Death ProteinMitochondrial fissionN-Methyl-D-AspartateBiotechnologymitochondrial fragmentationOncology and CarcinogenesisImmunologybcl-X ProteinSOD2Glutamic AcidReceptors N-Methyl-D-AspartateNMDA receptorsCell Line03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceBcl-2-associated X proteinOptic Atrophy Autosomal DominantmedicineAnimalsEye Disease and Disorders of Vision030304 developmental biologySuperoxide DismutaseNeurosciencesCell BiologyMolecular biologyeye diseasesOxidative StressOptic AtrophyMutationbiology.proteinOPA1 mutationBiochemistry and Cell Biologysense organsglutamate excitotoxicity030217 neurology & neurosurgeryCell Death & Disease
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